ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis (CV) leading to clinically apparent skin lesions, and in some cases also to internal organ involvement such as renal involvement. The SARS Cov2 infection in this field is very serious and in the case of our patient the outcome was fatal. The aim of this work is to highlight the particularities of CV in this case CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 62-year-old woman followed since 2014 for CV type 1 IgG Lambda revealed by vascular purpura and nasal septal perforation. the etiological assessment was negative. Hepatitis C virus serology was negative. A corticosteroid therapy at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day was started with partial improvement. Then the cyclophosphamide at a dose of 150 mg/d was added with a fairly good clinical result but stopped for hemorrhagic cystitis. Chlorominophene was started at a dose of 6 mg/d and then reduced to 4 mg/d for leuconeutropenia but the peripheral arterial manifestations (acrocyanosis of the limbs and ears) were not treated. The evolution was marked by the appearance of renal failure (creatinine 482.33 umol/l) associated with proteinuria at 1.32 g/24h. An outbreak of cryoglobulinemia was suspected. Plasma exchange was discussed as a therapeutic alternative and the patient was scheduled for a renal biopsy. However, the patient became febrile with the appearance of a dry cough and the presence of a biological inflammatory syndrome (CRP at 72). A SARS-CoV-2 PCR was completed which was positive. Therefore, she was put on antibiotic therapy (Azythromycin and Cefotaxime) associated with vitamin therapy and anticoagulant treatment. The patient was stable in terms of respiration and hemodynema, but her renal function worsened and progressed well under hydration. In addition, she presented with a slippage syndrome and she was died CONCLUSION: The natural history of CV is not predictable and strongly depends on concomitant diseases and complications and response to treatment. The SARS Cov2 infection can complicate its evolution. There is no association has been described between them to our knowledge.